On 10 May 2024, flash floods wreaked havoc in Baghlan, northern Afghanistan. Haroon Nafas, who was at his family’s guesthouse, heard a loud crash around 3pm. Initially confused, Nafas and his friends soon realized it was a massive flood. They rushed for safety as the water rose dangerously high, sweeping through the region.
The flood, reportedly up to 30 meters high, caused immense destruction. At least 315 people died in Baghlan, with over 2,000 homes destroyed. Tragically, some families lost up to 11 members. This disaster reflects a growing trend of extreme weather events in Afghansthan, worsenend by climate breakdown and decades of conflict.
Afghanistan’s fragile environment has been severely impacted by ongoing warfare. Explosive remnants and artillery debris from conflicts have weakened the soil, contributing to more frequent flash floods. Environmental expert Dr. Najibullah Sadid highlights that war-torn areas are highly prone to erosion and land degradation, making flash floods more severe.
Deforestation is another critical factor. Since 1970, Afghanistan has lost over 50% of its forests, worsening soil erosion. With fewer trees to retain rainwater, landslides and flash floods have become more common, putting many Afghan communities at risk.
In addition to floods, Afghanistan faces a mine contamination crisis, with explosives scattered across 33 provinces. These mines not only pose dangers to civilians but also destabilize soil and contribute to environmental hazards like floods.
Efforts by local humanitarian groups, such as the Committee Akbari led by Sohila Akbari, offer hope. Akbari’s grassroots organization provides aid to those affected by disasters. Despite facing personal losses during the Herat earthquakes of 2023, Akbari continues to support her community, offering essential relief.
As climate change intensifies and Afghanistan’s environment remains vulnerable, stronger disaster risk management is essential. Locals like Akbari play a critical role in delivering aid, but Afghanistan needs global cooperation and better funding to recover and prepare for future challenges.